Organizational Behavior Final Paper Essay - 1470 Words

Organizational Behavior: Final Paper Organizational Behavior has taught me a lot in regards to learning to work with others and making groups of people work efficiently. While classroom readings and in-class slideshows have been valuable in understanding key concepts, my greatest personal growth has come from both your personal stories, as well as your many invaluable speakers. Throughout this paper, I will focus on the lessons your speakers have taught me, and how those shared lessons will have a positive impact on my future decision-making. Leadership: Erica Higgins started her presentation with a quote from Arnold H. Glasow, which was, â€Å"A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame, a little less than his share of the credit.† This quote immediately set the tone for the entire presentation. As a leader, it’s not about playing the hero or being some huge winner. Typically to your subordinates, you’re the coach or the facilitator for your team to be successful. Sure, you may have some bright idea that you came up with, that separates your team from others. But as a leader, it is your job to come up with these ideas. However, who is really responsible for executing these ideas? It is those below you, who are working under your beliefs. But how do you get your subordinates to work under your guidelines? To answer this question, Erica used the Vice Chairman of Wealth Management at Morgan Stanley, Carla Harris’s advise. Be authentic and train people’sShow MoreRelatedWhy Bank Of Ame rica s Onboarding Process For Executives Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesas high as 40%, Bank of America enjoys an average of only 12% (Goldsmith, Carter, Institute, 2009). This paper will determine why Bank of America’s onboarding process for executives is so successful. The paper will begin by outlining the talent management program. The paper will highlight both the strengths and opportunities for improvement in the talent management process. 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Starbucks Starbucks Economic Analysis - 1673 Words

Starbucks Economic Analysis 1 Starbucks Economic Analysis PATTEN UNIVERSITY JULY 29, 2015 MGT407 Managerial Economics Starbucks Economic Analysis 2 The coffee industry had never been the same since the early 1970s when three investors started a Seattle business called Starbucks Coffee, Tea, and Spice in Pikes Peak Market. Each invested about one thousand dollars and-and borrowed five thousand more from a bank to launch their endeavor. The coffee-loving character in Herman Melville’s great novel Moby Dick inspired the name. The first location had hand-built nautical features in line with Melville’s inspiration. One full wall was devoted to whole bean coffees while another wall consisted of shelves of coffee related products. Samples were†¦show more content†¦The company has recently entered into licensing agreements to supply locations that do not merit a store presence. These agreements allow Starbucks to have sales in airlines, hotels, hospitals, universities, and other business areas. Starbucks has become ubiquitous with coffee by 2015. Supply And Demand of Starbucks Coffee Coffee is the second to oil as the most traded commodity. Coffee is grown in over 75 countries and employs more than 20 million farmers. Altogether, millions of people are involved in the harvesting, handling, exchanging and selling of the product. In 2008, these farmers harvested over 15 billion pounds during the same period the markets only traded 13 billion pounds. This overproduction in this industry is not a usual thing and is one of the major reasons why prices vary throughout the industry. (National Coffee Association, 2015) When it comes to the supply and demand of Starbucks coffee, there are certain factors that can fluctuate. The seasons are one example that affects the consumption of coffee. People tend to consume more in the winter rather than the summer due to the cold temperature and shorter days. Starbucks counteracts in the summer by offering iced drinks. However; during the summer, these factors are considered more of a want compared to almost a need during the wintertime. Another major factor that hinders the supply of coffee is the tariffs that the differentShow MoreRelatedEconomic Analysis Of The Starbucks Corporation Essay4621 Words   |  19 PagesEconomic Analysis of the Starbucks Corporation Nothing like the fresh scent of brewed coffee in the morning – â€Å"Starbucks† a well-known coffee house that is still growing and expanding their operations today is considered the number one specialty coffee retailer around the world and abroad. Therefore, the supply and demand for coffee is on the incline and is regarded as one of the most rapid growing organizations in the world. 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Fashion Management Conference At Florence -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Fashion Management Conference At Florence? Answer: Introduction The report is based on the introduction of a new product for the brand Subway. The different factors that will be analysed in the report are the strategy of the product which includes, branding, packaging, quality, labelling, product mix and the services will be provided. The pricing of the new product will also be discussed and the way by which this influences the sales will be analysed. The promotional mix of the new product will be discussed in detail in the report. The people who are related to the introduction of this product and the processes related to this are the marketing part of this analysis. Subway is a franchise of fast food based restaurants that its origin in America and the primary products of the organization are, salads and submarine sandwiches. The organization was founded in the year 1965 (Subway.com 2018). Summary of Assignment Part A The part A of the assignment is related to the analysis of fast food industry and explaining the strengths, weaknesses of the industry. The industry is analysed based on the SWOT framework. The behaviour of the consumers are also analysed in the previous assignment. The other factors that are analysed in the report are the decision-making process of the buyers and the market segmentation based on the customers of the fast-food industry (Huang and Sarigll 2014). (Refer to Appendix 1) Marketing Mix The product that is being introduced in Subway is ice-cream. Ice-cream is such a product which is still not available in the stores. The marketing mix is comprised of the description of the product, the price of the product, promotional activities related to the product and the place where it is introduced. Product Life Cycle The product life cycle comprises of four stages which include, introduction, growth, maturity and decline. The ice-cream that is introduced by Subway is named as Subway Big Ice Surprise. The product is in the introduction stage as it is being launched by the brand in the management. The other stages of product life cycle cannot be linked with the new product of the brand (Liu et al. 2017). (Refer to Appendix 6) Branding The product is named as Subway Big Ice Surprise. The awareness of the brand can be spread among the customers with the help of digital marketing and through the website of the company. Packaging The packaging of the product will be done in small bio-degradable food cups and edible preservatives will also be added so that these products can be stored for a longer time. The ice-cream will be served in the outlets of Subway in Australia. (Refer to Appendix 4) Labelling Labelling acts as the major factor for any new product that is being launched in the market. The label of Subway Big Ice Surprise will denote the policy of the organization to serve natural and healthy products (Bahadir, Bharadwaj and Srivastava 2015). Quality The quality of the cups in which ice-cream will be served will be of bio-degradable quality so that it does not affect the environment and also provides healthy options of ice-creams for the customers. (Refer to Appendix 3) Product Mix (Depth or Width) Product mix can also be called the product portfolio. The product mix consists of the product line and the type of the product. The availability of the different types of the same product helps in deciding the depth of the product mix. The ice-creams will be available in different natural and organic flavours which include, coconut, mango, orange, strawberry, chocolate, coffee-walnut and many more (Hanssens et al. 2014). (Refer to Appendix 5) Augmented Services The services that are offered by any organization other than the physical product are known as the augmented services. Augmented services are related to the marketing as well as promotional activities of the operations. Subway will conduct the promotional activities with the help of the website and in the stores as well. Pricing Strategy The pricing of the ice-cream will be set at 2 Australian dollars. The prices differ with the changes in flavour from 2 Australian dollars to 5 Australian dollars. Strategy The pricing strategy is based on the availability of the products and the seasonal fruits as well. The other factors affecting the prices are uniqueness of the products and health benefits. Influences The pricing strategy of the product is mainly influenced by the external environment and unavailability of the product in the other stores of the same industry (Aras et al. 2017). Promotional Mix Promotional mix can be defined as the mix of the promotional variables that are chosen by the marketing professionals of the organization so that they can achieve their goals. (Refer to Appendix 2) IMC Integrated marketing communication is related to the use of the marketing strategies so that the communication can be optimised and the message can be sent to the stakeholders of the brand. IMC is mainly related to the recognition of the boundaries related to the promotional mix. The communication of subway is done with the help of the website of the company and the promotional activities in the stores. Objectives and Strategy The objectives of the Subway are, to provide healthy food options, to target the young group of customers and to keep the food as fresh as possible. The strategy of the organization is mainly related to the offering of high-quality food to the consumers. The major goal is to provide healthy and tasty options of food (Aghaei et al. 2014). People The people or the target customers of the organization are mainly the young population of the country who are health conscious and are looking healthy options in ice-creams. Process The process of marketing related to Subway is done with the help of the website of the organization. The other process of promotion is related to the distribution of flyers to the customers who visit the stores of Subway (Jin, Kim and Kim 2015). Physical Evidence The physical evidence is related to the people or the customers who consume the products or services offered by the organization. The consumers in this case are the target group of the organization who are the young population of the country (Hisrich and Ramadani 2017). Place The place of the marketing activities of Subway is in Sydney, Australia. The consumers of this area are already related to the organization as they already have their stores here. The promotional activities will be easier for Subway in this area as they already know the market and their needs. Intensity The intensity of coverage of the market and the promotional activities is related to the distribution of the products in the market and the target customers. The main aim of Subway is to start the supply of ice-cream in all the stores which are operating in Australia. The different strategies related to the distribution of products are, intensive distribution, exclusive distribution and selective distribution (Khan 2014). Strategy The strategy that is undertaken for the promotional activities is to depict the product in such a way so that it supports the objective of Subway to offer products which are related to health benefits. Recommendation Subway is recommended to use the promotional activities in such a way so that the consumers can understand the health benefits of the products. The ice-cream is prepared in an organic manner and the cups are also bio-degradable in nature. This enables the organization in operating in a sustainable manner. The sustainable operation of Subway will contribute in the success of the newly launched product. References Aghaei, M., Vahedi, E., Kahreh, M.S. and Pirooz, M., 2014. An examination of the relationship between services marketing mix and brand equity dimensions.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, pp.865-869. Aras, M., Syam, H., Jasruddin, J., Akib, H. and Haris, H., 2017, July. The Effect of Service Marketing Mix on Consumer Decision Making. InInternational Conference on Education, Science, Art and Technology(pp. 108-112). Bahadir, S.C., Bharadwaj, S.G. and Srivastava, R.K., 2015. Marketing mix and brand sales in global markets: Examining the contingent role of country-market characteristics.Journal of International Business Studies,46(5), pp.596-619. Hanssens, D.M., Pauwels, K.H., Srinivasan, S., Vanhuele, M. and Yildirim, G., 2014. Consumer attitude metrics for guiding marketing mix decisions.Marketing Science,33(4), pp.534-550. Hisrich, R.D. and Ramadani, V., 2017. Entrepreneurial Marketing Mix. InEffective Entrepreneurial Management(pp. 75-99). Springer International Publishing. Huang, R. and Sarigll, E., 2014. How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Jin, N., Kim, J. and Kim, K.H., 2015, June. THE SERVICE MARKETING MIX EFFECT ON CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND CUSTOMER EQUITY IN THE SERVICE INDUSTRY. In2015 Global Fashion Management Conference at Florence(pp. 838-844). Khan, M.T., 2014. The concept of'marketing mix'and its elements (a conceptual review paper).International journal of information, business and management,6(2), p.95. Liu, Y., Li, K.J., Chen, H. and Balachander, S., 2017. The Effects of Products Aesthetic Design on Demand and Marketing-Mix Effectiveness: The Role of Segment Prototypicality and Brand Consistency.Journal of Marketing,81(1), pp.83-102. Subway.com (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.subway.com/en-au [Accessed 17 Jan. 2018].

My World and I free essay sample

Prompt: Describe the world you come from — for example, your family, community or school — and tell us how your world has shaped your dreams and aspirations. ESSAY: I came from a world where money greatly dictates life and death. A world where the rich and the poor are so distinctly divided on the same street. One moment you could be turning a corner to see an up-kept Garden of Eden sitting in front of a lavish apartment with resilient pillars to house their residents. The next moment you would turn to witness opened gutters running through the street, engulfing the neighborhood with gunk and stench. Only frail iron sheets to shed families through the scorching sun and rainy days. Unsure about when the next meal is going to be. Emergency wards crowded with people waiting for days to receive urgent medical attention, only to find their fate lies on their credit card types. We will write a custom essay sample on My World and I or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I came from a world where human needs turn into luxuries. I feel very fortunate to be given the opportunity to now live in a place where I can see changes in the government to provide equity for the people. Education made accessible to scope a range of socioeconomic families. Schools that not only accentuated academic excellence, but also the importance of service, with initiations of beach clean ups, bringing free music to the public, tutoring the juniors and checking water conditions on the local creek that streams to the open ocean. I grew up having Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr. as my heroes. You could say their persistence and ambition for equity has rubbed on me as I try to provide clothes and a taste of school in the neighbouring villages of my homeland soil. I may not own as much as Bill Gates, but I try to send shoeboxes filled with books, pencils and drink bottles to children in Africa during Christmas time from the little money I gather during the year. Going back to Jakarta will always ignite the reasons why I feel so strongly about equality. Jakarta becomes a reality check to the commodities in Auckland that I take for granted. I find myself once again as a bystander to fathers holding their sons with their bones sheathed only by a thin layer of skin. Crippled women sitting by the sidewalks begging with their hungry babies wrapped around their shoulders. And houses preyed by mosquitos breeding in their open drain systems that flood in rainy seasons. I could end up becoming Mrs. President, a human rights activist, or a billionaire. I might soar through life being famous or completely unknown. But I do know two things for sure; I have a dream for equity, and I’m not afraid to make it come true.

Civil Disobedience vs. Sociology of the South essays

Civil Disobedience vs. Sociology of the South essays Civil Disobedience vs. Sociology of the South Examining two pieces of writing from 1800 US history, we see two writers with strong polar backgrounds agreeing on minor issues of the time. It is hard to find a common ground between Henry Thoreau and George Fitzhugh, but they share similar views toward government and its relationship with the masses. They opposed the government and wanted the people to dictate their wants to the government. Henry David Thoreau, writer, naturalist, and philosopher, was born in Concord, Massachusetts, in 1817. Thoreau became involved in the transcendentalist movement, a discipline promoting self-education and the development of the individual. Thoreau's most famous essay, Civil Disobedience (1849), was a result of an overnight visit in 1846 in a jail, when he refused to pay his taxes in protest against the Mexican War and the extension of slavery. Believing that his money should not go towards programs he did not believe in, Thoreau ended up in jail for one night. In Civil Disobedience, Thoreaus advocacy of civil disobedience as a means for the individual to protest those actions of his government that he considers unjust has had a wide-ranging impact. Emphasizing the magnitude and significance of individuality vs. conformity, Thoreau expresses a strong distaste for the interfering role of the government in peoples lives. His reasoning behind this is essentially that the government is always throwing up seemingly impossible obstacles to obstruct the path toward individual success. As a result of mankinds frustration at not being able to get around these obstacles, man instead marches in line at the governments bidding, believing only with the governments control will they be able to successfully plot the path to individual freedom. Thoreau found it ironic, however, that this supposed path to individual freedom was paved by traditional mindsets. Thoreau viewed the government as the ...

3 Cases of Faulty Organization of In-Line Lists

3 Cases of Faulty Organization of In-Line Lists 3 Cases of Faulty Organization of In-Line Lists 3 Cases of Faulty Organization of In-Line Lists By Mark Nichol An in-line list is a list of related words or phrases within a sentence, as opposed to a vertical list, the items of which are formatted on separate lines, often highlighted by a number or a bullet. Often, writers mistakenly organize in-line lists, erroneously assuming that an additional but syntactically distinct item is part of the list and inserting or omitting conjunctions (usually and or or) or punctuation incorrectly as a result. Each example below illustrates a variation on this theme, and each is followed by a discussion and a revision. 1. Professor Smith’s comments are utterly reprehensible, deeply disturbing, and do not in any way reflect the values of the university. Because the phrase beginning with do has its own verb, it is not part of a list beginning with â€Å"utterly reprehensible† and continuing with â€Å"deeply disturbing,† so those two phrases should be linked with a conjunction, and the commas that follow them must be omitted: â€Å"Professor Smith’s comments are utterly reprehensible and deeply disturbing and do not in any way reflect the values of the university.† 2. Thousands of the organization’s workers face resistance, fear- and terrorists- as they try to eradicate the crippling disease. Similarly, the parenthetical phrase â€Å"and terrorists† is not part of a list that also includes resistance and fear; those two terms constitute the list, and â€Å"and terrorists† is distinct, so the treatment of the list must be revised: â€Å"Thousands of the organization’s workers face resistance and fear- and terrorists- as they try to eradicate the crippling disease.† 3. Traditional financial institutions have significantly enhanced their risk and compliance programs by increasing resources, clarifying roles and responsibilities across the three lines of defense, upgrading their governance frameworks, as well as maintaining higher levels of capital. â€Å"Maintaining higher levels of capital† is not part of the list in this sentence- â€Å"as well as† marks the phrase consisting of those eight words as a distinct appendage tacked onto the main clause- so the final item in the list must be preceded by a conjunction: â€Å"Traditional financial institutions have significantly enhanced their risk and compliance programs by increasing resources, clarifying roles and responsibilities across the three lines of defense, and upgrading their governance frameworks, as well as maintaining higher levels of capital.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past30 Baseball Idioms10 Humorous, Derisive, or Slang Synonyms for â€Å"Leader† or â€Å"Official†

Gender Disparities In Hamlet and The Importance of Being Earnest Essay

Gender Disparities In Hamlet and The Importance of Being Earnest - Essay Example Women such as Cecily, Gwendolen and Ophelia are a good example of that. It is clearly seen that those Women are being taken advantage of or are being forced to do something, in order to benefit other personage. This paper will review this statement. A common undertone of Victorian society was how women were seen as fragile and cowardly things and should be treated differently (more gently) than men. â€Å"My dear fellow, the truth isnt quite the sort of thing one tells to a nice, sweet, refined girl. What extraordinary ideas you have about the way to behave to a woman!† (Wilde, 236). In this quote, Jack explains how women are incapable of handling the truth and thus justifies why he should not feel bad about lying to them. Jack constantly lies to Gwendolen, referring to her as a nice, sweet girl, putting her to a lower class than he is. He justifies this by thinking he is protecting her from the outside world. Gender disparity plays out with major undertones in marriage as demonstrated by Wilde. The ability to choose who and when to marry is a good example of the inequalities between the men and women in Victorian society. â€Å"I am in love with Gwendolen. I have come up to town expressly to propose to her.† (Wilde, 1) Jack sees the marriage as necessary for his social standings, impressing other members of the class. Marx sees society as only in classes, and he defines these classes by the amount of capital. The decision to marry is a normal aspect of a man’s life. â€Å"Lady Bracknell; Pardon me, you are not engaged to anyone. When you do become engaged to someone, I, or your father, should his health permit him, will inform you of the fact.† (Wilde, 172). When Cecily tells Lady Bracknell that she is engaged to Earnest, Lady Bracknell tells Cecily her vision. Lady Bracknell, like many in that society, puts woman lower in social class. From this statement, we see th at Lady Bracknell gives the man the main

Writing Los Angles, Los Angles writers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Writing Los Angles, Los Angles writers - Essay Example Individuals such as Raymond Chandler, John Fante, wrote timeless novels about the city, while poets such as Lewis MacAdams revealed the city for its multi-cultural nature. This essay considers the collection of a handful of writers who have articulated Los Angeles and considers the various thematic concerns they have outlined in their work. Writer Carey Williams articulates Los Angeles, California in a number of unique ways. William’s perspective considers the nature of Los Angeles as a city of outsiders. Quoting Garet Garrett, she writes, â€Å"you have to begin with the singular fact that in a population of a million and a quarter, every other person you see has been there less than five years† (Williams). Williams characterizes Los Angeles as a sort of land of immigrants; while this had previously been the nature of the United States, it appears it has shifted to regional areas, in this instance LA. However, rather than being out outcast or newcomer in this land, Wil liams argues that Los Angeles retains the feeling of home for these individuals. This is because that with the large influx of newcomers, individuals are able to find a unique sense of acceptance within this immigrant population. In addition to being one of the foremost crime novelists of the 20th century, Raymond Chandler is also recognized as one of the greatest writers of Los Angeles. In articulating Los Angeles it’s clear that Chandler assumes a sort of outsider status. Rather than romanticizing the various daily on-goings there is almost a sense of condescension in his tone. For instance, he writes â€Å"an evening with the sports page, the blatting of the radio, the whining of their spoiled children and the gabble of their silly wives† (Chandler). It’s clear that rather than romanticizing the movie star nature of Los Angeles, Chandler is attempting to present it in a more gritty light, with a self-conscious flavor. In other instances, Chandler attempts to depict the behind the scenes reality of the city, demonstrating producers that speak of the nature of the movie business in cynical terms. In all its an engaging portrait of the city that eschews romanticized notions of celebrity parties and Hollywood for a grittier and realistic edge. Whereas Raymond Chandler depicts a Los Angeles of gritty realism, Dorothy Parker’s poetry presents a more idealized version of the city. One of her poems functions as a sort of siren’s call, almost mythologizing the quest of individuals who move to the city with hopes of breaking into the movie industry. In these regards, she writes, â€Å"Come, curb the new and watch the old win/ Out where the streets are paved with Goldwyn†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Parker). In Parker’s poetry there is the exploration of the artistic and romantic elements of Los Angeles. A city of movie stars and the rich and famous that exist in this city, these are the images Parker’s poetry is replete with. One a lso considers the nature Carey William’s writing in relation to Parker’s; in both instances Los Angeles is not presented as a city, but instead a destination, to which there is an ever influx of individuals seeking their dreams. Henry Miller is famous for his literary exploration of controversial themes and of artistic boundaries. When considering his articulation of Los Angeles, however, one is drawn to his concern with a singular individual. Rather than presenting controversial topics, Miller’s articulation of the city falls somewhere between that of Chandler’s realism and Dorothy Parker’s idealism. In these regards, Miller considers the nature of the city as the home of show business through his concern with a singer. Miller writes, â€Å"Those same songs night after night – how can anyone do it and not go mad? And always with feeling, as if delivering

Data and Assumption on New Technology Innovation Essay Example for Free

Data and Assumption on New Technology Innovation Essay Yesterday at the stroke of midnight a series of tragic events came to a closing when Othello, Venices most eminent and respected Moorish general, killed himself in his wifes bedchamber after smothering the young bellenone other than Venices coveted Desdemonawith a pillow. According to several witnesses of the bloody suicide, the mentally tormented general was under the notion that Desdemona had been illicitly tupping his first-in-command, Michael Cassio, a lie fed to him by the ironically misnamed Honest Iago. Iago, the villain responsible for the murder of his own wife as well as a Venetian gentleman, has been taken by Cyprian officials for questioning and possible torture. However, it is known that he orchestrated a plan to create conflict between General Othello and Lieutenant Cassio surrounding Desdemona that he hoped would result in the death of both Cassio and the lady. Witnesses to the blood bath describe the scene gravely and painfully. I walked into the room and there was Othello, with his wife Desdemona slain on the bed. It was really shocking. Her face was very pale, and though she was evidently dead, it seemed she was trying to say something, says Gratiano. Another witness describes Othellos suicide with great distress. He was very calm, but there was a wondrous rage in his face, like a monster. I had never seen him like that before. He took his sword and drove it into his chest before anyone could stop him. The only survivor of the discord is Lieutenant Cassio, who suffered a major injury in his leg from Iagos sword. When asked whether he was ever involved with lady Desdemona, Cassio responded, We were dear friends, and it pains me greatly that she is gone. But we never shared more than the touching of hands or a brief brush on the shoulder. As for the man who caused this, I will see to it that he pays for his cruelty with his own suffering. A funeral will be held in three days near the town square. Mourners are welcome, including former suitors of Desdemona. Michael Cassio asks that all that attend bring memorabilia of the lost ones such as locks of hair, clothing, letters, or embroidered handkerchiefs.

Separation of Church and State Essay examples -- essays research paper

Probably one of the most heated and controversial political battles raging today would have to be the argument of Separation of Church and State. This debate bridges boundaries of political and social status and reaches deep within, to a time honored believe, Religion. With greater movements toward civil liberties and individual rights, more people have picked up there political swords and readied themselves for battle. So far there has been many casualties on both sides but yet no victor. The whole argument has been raging for some time but never has it been as heated as it has in the last several years. In 1951 minority religions felted that they no longer should be persecuted and have to listen to others religions in public places and following in the foot steps of the civil rights movement they decided to act. Although no real changes came about till 1962 in the case of Engel vs Vitale. This was a deciding case that proved that religion is indeed, not allowed in the schools or other governmental institutions. Many other religious movements have followed since that case. When the movement for Separation of Church and State began, it was usually minority religions vs. Majority religions in certain areas. Everyone was for prayer in schools, but they all wanted a different prayer to be said. Ultimately they turned to the courts to decide but as they proceeded through the trials they realized, â€Å"Do we really want the government to decide what prayer to say in school? A... Separation of Church and State Essay examples -- essays research paper Probably one of the most heated and controversial political battles raging today would have to be the argument of Separation of Church and State. This debate bridges boundaries of political and social status and reaches deep within, to a time honored believe, Religion. With greater movements toward civil liberties and individual rights, more people have picked up there political swords and readied themselves for battle. So far there has been many casualties on both sides but yet no victor. The whole argument has been raging for some time but never has it been as heated as it has in the last several years. In 1951 minority religions felted that they no longer should be persecuted and have to listen to others religions in public places and following in the foot steps of the civil rights movement they decided to act. Although no real changes came about till 1962 in the case of Engel vs Vitale. This was a deciding case that proved that religion is indeed, not allowed in the schools or other governmental institutions. Many other religious movements have followed since that case. When the movement for Separation of Church and State began, it was usually minority religions vs. Majority religions in certain areas. Everyone was for prayer in schools, but they all wanted a different prayer to be said. Ultimately they turned to the courts to decide but as they proceeded through the trials they realized, â€Å"Do we really want the government to decide what prayer to say in school? A...

Abusive Relationships: Why Stay in the Relationship and What Determines Leaving Essay

It is often asked why a woman doesn’t leave an abusive relationship. Society tends to assume that the decision is as simple as a normal break-up, if not easier because there is an obvious reason to leave. But there are many factors involved into the relationship and many things to consider when making the decision to stay or to leave. In abusive relationships, what determines staying and what determines leave? It is estimated that annually 3 million occurrences of domestic violence occur and that one in four women will become a victim of such violence. Of those victims, more than four people are killed daily as a result of domestic violence (DVRC). With abuse possibly escalating to a point of death, why would a spouse stay in a relationship? Conclusions have been drawn as to why a woman might stay in the relationship, including internal and external resources. The external resources would include such things as an income, social support, housing etc. Internal resources would include a person’s self-esteem, mental health status, whether they suffer from depression or anxiety. Pamela Choice and Leanne Lamke stated that different theories needed to be taken into consideration when observing a women’s decision to stay or leave. The theories included learned helplessness, psychological entrapment, the investment model and reasoned action or planned behavior. Learned helpless is a situation where the victim feels she had no other options, that not matter what she does the situation will remain the same. Psychological entrapment is where a women tries to make the relationship a nonviolent one, but instead the violence continues causing her to feel that she should have tried harder. This situation often leaves the woman feeling that a nonviolent relationship is attainable and questioning if it is worth the investment, and if so, she then feels that there is too much invested thus far to leave, in turn causing the feelings of entrapment. The investment model determines whether maintaining the current relationship is worthwhile, is she better off to leave and is she satisfied in the relationship. Finally, the reasoned action model is where a women is able to determine if she is able to actually leave, is it within her control and is it more beneficial for her to leave than to stay in the relationship. External forces also contribute to a woman’s decision to leave. Establishing employment, housing and other essential tasks also become extremely difficult during the separation from an abusive partner (Bell 2007). With such struggles, within two months 60% of women end up returning to their partners (Bell 2007). In Carlson and McNutt’s study observing partner abuse and mental health, they looked at the women’s personal history of abuse. Whether or not she been exposed to violence as a child or as an adult. Also the effects the abuse has on a women’s mental health including depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. They found that many battered women had low levels of social support which in turn lead to higher levels of depression and more difficulty with problem solving. In a self-evaluation, many of the participants reported higher levels of symptoms for anxiety and depression (Carlson 2002). Women in an abused relationship tend to have a certain level of dependency upon their partner, causing them to feel trapped. Women who are more likely to be economically dependent and unemployed (especially with children) are at a higher risk of being in an abusive relationship (Bostock 2008). Bostock et. al studied what reasons were involved in a woman decision to stay in a harmful relationship. They investigated twelve women from rural Northern New England between the ages of 21 and 56, on various aspects of the relationship. Theses aspects included how the abuse began, the ways of abusing, the impact of the abuse, what factors contributed to recognizing the abuse as intolerable and what helped in gaining independence. They concluded that a women’s reason for stay was fear of the abuser, a feeling of commitment to the relationship and insufficient funds or resources. To help leave the relationship the women studied pulled upon their sense of hope, humor and spirituality and reclaiming their identity (Bostock 2008). In 1976 Richard Gelles studied abused wives and why they stay. In his article he stated that women do not break off a relationship for a number of reasons including negative self-esteem, the belief the husband will reform, economic hardship, difficulty of employment, surviving alone, the children’s wellbeing (economically) and the stigma with divorce. He also discovered that a woman would be more likely to stay in an abusive relationship if she had been exposed to abuse as a child, growing up with idea that it is allowed for a man to hit his wife. Another contributing factor to a women’s decision to stay is a lack of outside resources, not seeing many alternatives to the current situation. If the abuse is inconstant and not considered severe, then she will remain with the spouse (Gelles 1976). The decision to leave an abusive relationship was studied by Michael Strube in 1984, and his work was cited through many other journals. The population consisted of 251 women of low to middle income, varying in age from 17 to 69 to have been exposed to moderate of life threatening violence. Of the 251 women, 177 had decided to leave the abusive partner and those who stayed reported doing so because of love-the abuser promised changing behavior, economic hardship or lack of resources. Strube concluded that a woman was more likely to remain with the abuser if the violence was considered less frequent and less severe. Also, if the woman was exposed to violent models as a child she was more likely to remain as opposed to women who had not. But women who had previously been in an abusive relationship were less likely to remain in another relationship, because they had developed intolerance to the abuse. Strube also found that women with fewer resources, such as economic and social support were less likely to leave. Studies have found though that ending a relationship does not end the abuse, violence is often high is situations where the women is separate from the abuser as opposed to if she was involved in a relationship. Another factor involved is how the separation occurred rather than whether or not the separation occurred (Bell 2007). The decision to leave a relationship is difficult it becomes increasingly difficult when the partner is violent. The women, individual mentally have to â€Å"prepare† themselves as such to leave the relationship, and evaluate every aspect of their life and their future. Without sufficient support and resources leaving a dangerous and harmful situation is virtually impossible. To seek the support and resources a certain level of self worth and esteem is essential, providing the woman with an appreciation for her future.

Saving Electricity

Why Save Electricity? With the rising costs and shrinking economy more and more people are acting responsible and seacrhing for reasonable ways to save electricity. The other reason apart from these are that saving electricty will bring down your electicity bills, save you money and decrease pollution. Although many people have shifted to renewable sources such as solar power, there are other electricty saving tips too which will help you to conserve power. Electricity Saving At Home Replace old light bulbs with new florescent bulbs. Turn off the lights when not in use. Never leave electrical appliances on a standby. Keep doors and windows closed when heat or air conditioning is on. Check heat setting on the water heater. By lowering down the temperature you can reduce electricity. Put a layer of insulation around the water heater. Avoid using dryers in the washing machine since they consume huge amount of electricity when switched on. Turn off the water when brushing teeth and use less water for shower which will save electricity which is used to heat water. Do not use light bulbs during day hours. Use sunlight as much as possible. Electricity Saving At Office Use Ceiling fan as much as possible instead of air conditioners. Use maximum day light and use florescent bulbs. They are initially more expensive than the regular bulbs, but the benefits of the CFL bulbs will prove much more cost-effective in the long run by the amount of power they will save. Switch monitors of your PC when you are going to be away from PC for more than 10 mins. Use LCD monitors instead of CRT monitors. Get the consumption of AC's, PCs, Printers, Scanners, Refrigerator, Microwave Lift, EPBAX, lights, coffee machines etc. checked. There are some power saving equipments available which can be installed near the main point, which controls the excess supply being sent to the machine. Keep the doors & windows of the office closed when AC's are on.

Relationship between Law and Religion Essay

Relationship between Law and Religion Essay Relationship between Law and Religion Essay Example Relationship between Law and Religion Essay Example The Link between Law and Religion There exist an interesting relationship between law and religion especially concerning the correlation between the two notions. The relationship revolves around the legal understanding and judicial discourses on the variety of religious phenomena in addition to the strictly legal issues that relate to religious freedom. A number of higher learning institutions have incorporated the aspect of religion in the delivery of their law education around the world, such as the Brigham Young University. The school introduced the International Centre for Law and Religion Studies in early 2000. The creation of the law and religion department serves an essential role in uniting law scholars, human rights activists, Supreme Court judges and government ministers that deal with religious affairs. A number of scholarly articles have also been published covering the issue of the nexus between religion and law that indicates the existence of a unique link between the two disciplines. They include inter national journals, such as the Journal of Law and Religion and the Ecclesiastical Law Journal, which were founded in 1983 and 1999 respectively. In the United States, there exist many law and religion organizations comprised of professionals, including history and religious studies specialists, law professors and political scientists. Based on the above history and significance of the relationship between law and religion, the purpose of current paper, therefore, is to explain the links between the two disciplines. The paper will seek to examine how law can be influenced by religion with a view of identifying the links that exist between them. How Law is Influenced by Religion According to Chaplin (2012), the religious beliefs that are held by individuals are incommunicable by any form of evidence or proof except for the holder. Thus, the truth of the law lies with the hearts of the believers and neither the art nor the right of the ruling class will necessarily carry with them the actual knowledge of the real religion. In discussing the relationship between law and religion, Chaplin (2012) identifies the decision that was made by Judge Andrew Rutherford in the Cornish private hotel case. The merits of the court decision and the case highlight the extent to which law is significantly influenced by religion. In the Cornish private hotel case, a gay couple was denied a double-bedded room and the hotel owners relied on their right to run their hotel in accordance with their religious standards. They argue that housing the gay couple would be in contrary to their Christian moral values. The Cornish private hotel case indicates the fight between religion and law that continues shaping the decisions made by the courts. As Chaplin (2012) indicates that the hotel owners were found to have illegally discriminated against the gay couple given that gay people had a right to equality, as well. Various law scholars and political scientists have argued that the state should maintain and observe the principle of state neutrality towards the topic of religion. In addition, various scholars have stated that public reasoning should be secular (Chaplin, 2012). Thus, states must always exercise restraint when dealing with religious matters given that religion is a sensitive matter that affects every member of the society. Additionally, religiously-based public reasoning advocates for the observance of the principle of general restraint on religious matters. The two principles of general constraint and state neutrality on religious matters indicate that religion significantly influe nces law. The religious beliefs held by various people in the community are very different from those that are held by other societal members. According to Chaplin (2012), the state laws cannot be asserted on the subjects solely on the basis of the authority of a particular belief and/or religious system. In addition, the particular source of the religious beliefs and opinions cannot be enforced barely in the fact that they originate from a particular source. The particular view of religious leaders and believers is that laws can be justified if they objectively and rationally advance the general good of the nation (Chaplin, 2012). The impact of religion on the legislations of a given country cannot, therefore, be underestimated as it is evident in the religiously-inspired political views and movements in the United States during the 1960s. The civil rights movements in the US were inspired by the participants’ religious views that were aimed at changing the laws existing at that time. The evidence indicates that law can be significantly and legitimately influenced by religion. General Aspects that Contribute to the Existence of the Relationship between Law, Morality and Religion Recently, there has been a contentious issue concerning the interaction between law and religion. It has been necessitated by the essential role that religion plays in the contemporary socio-political and legal systems. According to Doe (2011), religion influences a number of societal factors and each individual in the community holds a particular set of beliefs that are unique to him/her. There have been debates regarding the future of Islamic Law in the contemporary environment where there exists much interaction amongst different people. For instance, the Islamic Centre that is located in Ground Zero, New York, has banned wearing of burqas and headscarves within its precincts (Doe, 2011). Such police has caused a great public discontent amongst individuals that do not subscribe to this particular religion. The conflict between law and religion has made people focus on the place of religion in Hindi civilization movements and ancient Roman law jurisdictions. The general aspects contributing to the relationship between religion and law include morals and religion as key elements of the law, the conservatism of law and religion and legal institutions in religion (Morden, 1984). Other general factors that contribute to the relationship include love in the secular law that is evident with the Old Testament of the Bible. In the contemporary society, the legal structures of a particular state are used primarily as instruments of controlling the subjects. According to Anca (2011), there exists an interesting correlation between morality, religion and law that significantly influences the level of conformity that individuals will experience in the state. Law, religion and morals are regarded as the primary agencies of social control, especially given that the state uses such elements to intervene in private citizens’ lives. Morality is an essential aspect of religion that is used by religious bodies to enforce the expected standards of conduct and interaction with other members of the society. In most instances, the state leaves the matter of morality to schools and religious institutions that play an essential role in bringing up children with some form of moral decency. Consequently, the morality influences the laws, given that it is highly important for ensuring that there is decency within the community. In addition, morality is useful in the community given that it enormously contributes to preserving public order (Morden, 1984). The primary purpose of the law in the society is to ensure that there is order and harmony amongst different people. Morality and religion play a crucial role in ensuring that private citizens are protected from injurious and offensive circumstances. Morality and religion are essential in preventing the corruption and exploitation of other people in the society, thus, positively contributing to law enforcement. In addition to this, morality and religion contribute to the jurisprudence of a particular state. It assists a state to formulate policies that are aimed at preventing the exploitation of the vulnerable individuals in the society. Religion and morality achieve it by protecting the marginalized people, minors, the inexperienced individuals, the physically disabled and mentally incapacitated individuals from undue exploitation. According to Anca (2011), the connecting element between law and religion is the human being. Morality generates a set of precepts, rules and ideas regarding a particular right or wrong, good or evil and right or unjust (Anca, 2011). Morality and law are similar because they both originate from God as evident in the Bible. In addition, they both involve a given higher authority and demand strict obedi ence to them. Furthermore, law and morality are related in that they both require a set of rules and punishments that are administered to the people who violate them. Morality is a key teaching that is thought in a number of religious institutions, especially in the context of Christianity. Relationship between Law and Religion Both law and religion are considered essential elements of the society, given that they are the basis of social equity and justice. Law plays an essential role in creating social organization, as it uses the technique for ensuring that there exists a coercive social order (Anca, 2011). The social norms that relate to religion are heavily applied in law especially when formulating the rules and standards to be complied by the state subjects. In addition, particular legal matters are addressed in religion concerning murder, rape, crime and other capital offences that are punishable by law (Anca, 2011). Crime is prohibited under the religious teachings and within the legal structures of a given nation. In addition, the issue of murder is extensively addressed in religion, especially in the Bible, where a punishment is applicable to individuals who commit murder as stated in one of the Ten Commandments. There also exists a link between the social norms and the jurisdiction of a particular state. Even though law and religion have a number of differences, the imposition of rules and punishments created a link between them, which is represented by the human being (Anca, 2011). Religion is concerned with the adherence to a supreme being, God, and it emphasizes the moral relationship that man has with God. In addition, religion is concerned with the management of spiritual intimacy between man and God. Furthermore, morality focuses on resolving societal conflicts rather than allowing the use of physical force contrary to the principle of law that states the following: â€Å"praetor of internis non judicata† (Ancas, 2011). According to Morden (1984), religious institutions are the primary factors of the linkages between law and religion. There exist contractual relations between religious institutions and the state’s legal structures. The law of contracts is useful in sancti oning private arrangements between various societal members, thus, preventing the imposition of an individual’s rights and obligations on the basis of one’s societal status. In the context of Islam, there exists a direct link between Islamic law and the Islam religion given that the religious beliefs of Islam are enforced to those who subscribe to the religion. According to Ancas (2011), there is much interdependence between the societal norms and justice. In legal terms, offences are classified as crimes. In the religious context, the criminal offences are classified as sins that are punishable under the biblical or Quran meaning. According to Esposito (2010), the Islamic religion faces significant challenges as it tries to fit into the dynamic modern environment. Islam is the source of the Sharia Law that is enforced by a number of countries within the Middle East, West Africa and parts of Asia. Islam faces a number of issues that have the potential of affecting global politics in the 21st century (Esposito, 2010). Such questions have been raised due to the changes that are evident in the society and the increased interdependence between law, morality and religion. Esposito (2011) poses a number of questions that must be adequately addressed in order to comprehend the necessity of law on religion. The specific issues that arise relate to whether the Islamic faith compatible with the modern democracy notions or not. In addition, there exist issues concerning the gender equality, the rule of law, human rights and observance of individual’s rights to freedom (Esposito, 2011). In a number of Islamic countries, such as the Islamic State of Iraq Syria, people constantly face grave violations of human rights and restriction to the free movement and interaction amongst people. As an example, in the United Arab Emirates, the problem of gender equality results in the fact that women are oppressed using religiously-backed laws. In addition, Esposito (2011) argues that the issue of widespread Islamic fundamentalism poses a significant threat to world peace through terrorism. In the past, there has been the emergence of Islamophobia that significant ly affects world politics and further creates a threat to peace and stability. The recent developments in the Muslim world have impacted the Islam and the imposition of Sharia Law. It can be seen that Islamic fundamentalism has become widespread and representative throughout the world, thus, creating a challenge of imposing Sharia Law on a mixed populace. There also exist a number of Islamic minorities, particularly in Europe and North America, whose citizenship loyalty is questionable (Esposito, 2011). Given that Islamophobia poses a threat of global terrorism, it has necessitated the enactment of several laws meant to reduce the radicalization of individuals on the basis of religion. Focusing on the Sharia Law, the particular faith in Islam is used to resolve conflicts through the application of procedural law. In the Sharia Law, the Inquisitorial procedural law is adopted, whereby the Imams question to truth in order to reach a verdict. Islamic people believe that Sharia is a living system with a particular set of elements that set out the criteria of Muslim identity. The criteria include the Shahabada, Salat, ZAKAT, Sawm and Hajj components (Esposito, 2011). The Shahabada element relates to the profession of faith that views God as an absolute authority. The Salat refers to the weekly Friday sermon and the five daily prayers that enable the individuals to be dependent on the Quran. In addition, the Friday sermon creates a link between the religion and the political aspects of the society. According to Esposito (2011), the Friday sermon provides an interaction between political factors and religion, given that it addresses issues directly. ZAKAT relates to five elements of charity, redistribution to those in need and alms. Such elements are essential as they influence legislations regarding labor and property. Moreover, they directly impact on a state’s labor and property laws. The other components of the Sharia Law that influences legislation include the Sawm and the Hajj. The two elements represent fasting and the annual pilgrimage to Mecca. In addition to the significant contribution of the five fundamental elements of the Sharia Law, the provisions that are contained in the Quran contribute significantly to the law. Specifically, the provisions relating to substantial claims to social justice and secure property rights are all applicable in national law. Esposito (2011) states that the Supreme Islam Law can function independently of the state law or in parallel with the secular law. Thus, the litigants under the Sharia Law are not restricted to the Islamic laws but can also file their disputes under the secular state laws. The flexibility of the law indicates that the two sets of rules can work concurrently in ensuring that there is a social equity and justice. The Islamic religion provides a set of beliefs that govern how one is supposed to live as a Muslim. In addition, they provide a particular way of reasoning and adherence to appropriate moral values. Moreover, the law constrains the power of secular rulers and religious power by governing the actions of the leaders on the subjects and providing a self-enforcing mechanism, ensuring that it is independent. The Sharia Law acts as a source of moral reasoning that is crucial in revitalizing movements in society regarding charity work, religious teachings, political reforms and personal changes. The correlation between religion and law as evidenced above indicates that state law borrows many elements from religion. In addition, the judicial decisions take into account a number of factors so that the courts cannot be regarded as philosophically neutral establishments (Brown, 2013). There exist a strong link between law and religion, given that the religious beliefs and values of the people are the foundation of the society. The spiritual values are incorporated into the secular law in respect that they are integral to creating societal values that shape the principles, rules and institutions that govern the society.

How Not to Write a Letter of Complaint

How Not to Write a Letter of Complaint Read the following claim letter as if you were in a position to take care of the writers complaint. Then respond thoughtfully to the questions that follow the letter. Letter of Complaint: Mr. E. Manns Problem With the DooDad Plus Mr. E. Mann345 Brooklawn DriveSavannah, Georgia 31419July 7, 2016PresidentHouse of Thingamajigs160 Prospect StreetSavannah, Georgia 31410SUBJECT: Faulty Products and Inferior ServiceDear Mr. or Ms. President:1 I am writing this letter because I couldn’t get anywhere by talking to the manager of your store. Apparently, she never heard of the old saying, â€Å"The customer is always right.†2 It all started in May when I returned the DooDad Plus to your â€Å"customer service† department because it was missing a part. (I don’t suppose that you have ever tried to assemble a DooDad Plus, but it just can’t be done without all the parts.) This guy in customer service was not exactly the sharpest knife in the drawer, but he spent about half an hour tapping on his computer and eventually told me that the missing part should arrive from the warehouse in three to five days. Three to five days- sure.3 Here it is July, and the thing still hasn’t shown up. The summer is half over, and I still haven’t had a chance to use my DooDad Plus. I’ve been down to your â€Å"customer service† department about a million times over the past two months, and every time somebody taps on the computer and smiles and says the missing part is â€Å"en route from the warehouse.† Where in tarnation is this warehouse- Kandahar?4 So today I went down to your so-called store and dragged the so-called manager out of her coffee break to explain that I was giving up. All I wanted was my money back. (Besides, it turns out that I can get a DooDad Plus from Lowe’s for ten bucks less than what I paid you. Ha!) So what does this lady tell me? That it’s â€Å"against store policy† to refund my money because I had already opened the package and started assembling the DooDad!5 This is insane! I have already reported you to the Better Business Bureau. Now, what are you going to do about it?Sincerely,Mr. E. Mann Questions Keeping in mind the advice offered in the article How to Write  a Letter of Complaint, explain whats wrong with the overall tone of Mr. E. Manns letter. How might the writers tone undermine his apparent purpose in writing the letter?What information in this letter should probably be omitted because its not directly relevant to the writers complaint?Some of the information thats typically provided in the opening paragraph of an effective complaint is missing from Mr. E. Manns introduction. What useful information is missing?Offer a critique of the body paragraphs in Mr. E. Manns letter. What useful information is missing? What unnecessary information obscures his claim?Some of the information thats typically provided in the closing paragraph of an effective complaint is missing from Mr. E. Manns conclusion. What useful information is missing?Based on your responses to the questions above, revise Mr. E. Manns letter, altering the tone, clarifying the claim, and omitting unnecessary d etails.

Review questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Review questions - Assignment Example The company advertises through the television, print, and radio. It sells through its travel agents and online medium. Promotion is through sponsoring of high profile events such as World Tourism Day, Tourism Council Summit, leading international sports events, among others (Qatar Airways, 2014). Marketing myopia is a strategy in advertising that only focuses on the company’s desire to sell specific goods and services at the expense of customer’s needs. This can be avoided by focusing more on customer needs. A company should pay more attention to the shopping habits of customers in order to satisfy their needs (Armstrong & Kotler, 2013). Customer-perceived value shows the value or success of a product based on whether the customers trust that the product can satisfy their needs. This plays a role in customer satisfaction such that when the customer-perceived value is high, the level of satisfaction of customers will also be high (Yang & Peterson, 2004). Market segmentation plays the role of placing a company in a favourable position with regard to the needs of customers. Marketing targeting on the other hand helps a company to reach its customers easily, thus reducing the cost of marketing. Differentiation enables a company to create the perception among its target market that the products it offers are different and have an added value than those of other companies. Positioning enables a company to influence its customer base in a positive way with regard to their purchase decisions. Positioning helps the messages of marketing from a company reach the target market, and ensures that the target customers take action (Armstrong & Kotler, 2013). The company offers affordable tickets to its customers and is a cost leader. It has only three class of travel, charges all meals and beverages, and has a reduced allowance on luggage. Therefore, it also cuts its cost of production. Additionally, this company has a good reputation, which helps it to have

Network Monitoring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Network Monitoring - Essay Example This essay is based on the primal reasons for government to regulate and examine information gathered or communicated by individuals either within the country or without. In line with the thesis statement, this essay is essentially centred at providing information/evidence as to why the government should be solely in charge of networks that keep the various communications within a country. To form a valid argument, we will examine the United Kingdom's pursuit to control information. The United Kingdom government has always been faced with the need to secure information within the country mainly to help ensure that no threat is forthcoming at least not through the communication networks. This has been a debate for a long time and has seen the two main parties in the Kingdom draw various opinions. While the labour party wanted the formation of a single database for storing individual communications, the conservatives wanted a monitoring system which would ensure information is filtered; only that information which poses a threat to the people is stored. This they said was due to two facts; one, the government would infringe on the privacy of individuals something that had been done in the past but which they wanted a departure from. Of concern however is not how the politicians fought for the balance between security and privacy but the main point I want to draw is that they all agreed on the need to monitor information; notably, for the sole reason of security. In the same way, the United Kingdom government through its home secretary found the need to monitor information. The following part thus gathers the various parts of concern for these individuals and examines the information handled within and without the government quarters to help cement the need to monitor information. PART TWO-Government and Networks Government and Information Understanding the above discussed network components will help in the discussion of the government's need to secure networks for the purpose of security promotion and maintenance; especially, with the growing threats of terrorism, fraud cases and other major scandals. (Barret et al 2006) These have caught the government either unprepared or have overwhelmed government forces due to the extent and level of the technology used. This necessities that the government prepares fully for such occurrences or situations and since it is usually not possible to harness the entire human knowledge and make use of the same in developing government networks, it is then important for it to ensure that the information and methods used by these outside developers is monitored or regulated. Notice that the use of outside developers means those that are not part of the government. The other point of concern is that the corporate as well as the entire private sector has embarked in developing powerful technological equipments which enable the coding and encoding of data transported to allies of these companies or entities. If this is not monitored, then the security of the nation is likely to be in jeopardy as this information if not traced or decrypted, may contain matters likely to affect the well being of the society. Thus in conclusion, the government is definitely the one to control the amount of data that flows within the networks as it is the

Impact of the Media on the Development of a Child Research Paper

Impact of the Media on the Development of a Child - Research Paper Example The teens have invaded the media in droves and according to the recent research, they constitutes almost seventy percentages of the users especially in internet and broadcast media, the big question is whether the media is contributing positively in the development of this cadre of population. Certainly, the answer is no, it is now apparent that the media particularly the internet has made the moral turpitude of the teens to be put to doubts and ascertained that this is the avenue through which they explore and practice illicit behaviors. Media’s Contribution in development of the Teens It is not accurate to state that media does not have any meaningful contribution in the lives of teens. It is true that it does influence many things with positive outcomes, an example of the case in the US where adolescent obesity has been mitigated through the media (Ford 11). Notwithstanding, when critically assessed it will be found that media has also contributed negatively in the lives of the teens by exposing them to issues related to sex, an example is the phonographic videos in the internet. Teens have also fallen into the trap of engaging in the illicit activities following the kind of advertisement they are accorded in the media. The media is thus an area where both positives and negatives conducts are drawn by the teens. Positive Attributes of the Media on teens Development The media has significantly contributed to the positive development of the teens in several ways helping them to achieve their life objectives. These positive impacts of media to the teens include academic improvements, growth of a reading a culture and networking. Academic Improvement According to research, it has been proven that the teens with computer and laptops in their room demonstrate remarkable improvement in their performance in academic work. This is attributed to the fact that by having computers, they not only have the ease to reach information through the internet but also get motivated and spend more hours reading information in the internet. Television show are also rated to have the best educational session on several issues that even the parent might not be having good grasp of knowledge about. In a close supervision then, television can prove to be one of the best informative media on relevant issues to the teens; an example is the show by Dr Oz and Oprah (Ford 17). Inculcation of the Reading Culture and Networking It is certain that our reading culture is threatened with the technological advancement today, as most of the teens demonstrate a very poor reading culture that needs to be reinforced. The print media that details several issues that takes place around the world is rejuvenating this culture. Through the magazines, journals that discuss the topical issues, the teens are fond of extracting the information in them through reading and this is helping in realizing the culture of reading. The internet on the other hand, provides the teens with a faster and safe way of interaction and can have the opportunity to share on some of the issues that interest them with whomsoever they choose around the world (Ford 20). Therefore, parents should then ensure that their children do not fall a prey to the other sides of the media that bears contrary impact. This precautionary measure ensures that the teens do not succumb to the disturbances, obsessions, depressions, and mental deterioration characterized with dwindling academic performance. Negative Attributes of the Media to the Teens Several studies have indicated that teens who demonstrate

Quotation About Best Practice In Supervision Social Work Essay

Quotation About Best Practice In Supervision Social Work Essay Koster (2003) stated that supervision leads to a mental and emotional education that can guide practical work, frees fixed patterns of experience and behaviour and promotes the willingness as well as the ability to act suitably, carefully and courageously(p1). This essay will explore Kosters quotation about best practice in supervision, in relation to supervision in the area of counselling. This essay will also identify the benefits and difficulties of supervision, in regards to counselling, that can arise in supervision. Examples from a personal perspective will be presented on how supervision throughout work experience enabled difficult situations to be handled. Furthermore, an analysis of how effectively supervision was conducted throughout work experience, as well as personal suggestions on improvements of supervision in that work setting. Kosters quote does speak truth as supervision can lead to all sorts of positive and negative developments (Pelling, Bowers Armstrong, 2007). In particular he claims that it can lead to mental and emotional education that guides practical work, frees from fixed patterns of experience and behaviours. Supervision in counselling is very vital as it aims to increase self-awareness and enhances professional competence which will guide the supervisee throughout their work in a confident manner (Pelling, Bowers Armstrong, 2007), which is similar to what Koster is trying to state. The goal of supervision is primarily about the supervisees developmental growth and professional awareness (Pelling, Bowers Armstrong, 2007). Which again leads back to Kosters quote about how supervision leads to development; and that development of experience will guide the supervisee throughout their work in counselling. Thorough supervision, the supervisee will grow, reflect and develop in their professional and personal skills. It is through these developments that will alter their behaviour that will eventually guide them through their work to act in a suitable, careful and courageously; throughout their career in counselling. Which in return, is vital for a counsellor as his or her mental and emotional education needs to continually develop, and this can be accelerated through supervision. It can be said that a number of individuals and organisations can benefit from quality clinical supervision. Quality supervision is about making sure the client is not being harmed and is being assisted to accomplish established goals in competently appropriate ways, the receiver of counselling services is the first to benefit (Page Wosket, 1994). The majority of the conversation in supervisory sessions centres on interventions being used for the client and advance to how the supervisee is stressed with various parts of the case. While the supervisor is interacting, clarifying, explaining, educating, supporting and coming up with helpful professional interventions, another person is benefiting from this while interacting back to their supervisor the supervisee. As Pelling, Bowers, and Armstrong (2007) suggests: This is where the supervisees scope of practice, expertise and insight is being intentionally and incrementally expanded. Engaging supervisors in the struggle for understanding is valuable for deep learning to occur. In this sense it is the clinical material that is the teacher, not just the supervisor themselves. Supervision can insulate the supervisee from work-related stress, variously referred as burn-out. (p. 126) In addition, if the supervisee is an apprentice from an educational establishment, the organisation itself benefits with the development of a more proficient and safe practitioner (Pelling, Bowers Armstrong, 2007). This gives the organisation an excellent reputation for supporting and appropriately training the people in their charge in a professional manner, hence supervision being provided by the organisation benefits the organisation with a good positive professional reputation. Last of all, the clinical supervisor gains a great deal from offering supervision. While they support the supervisees, their understanding of clinical work, knowledge, experience, the world and themselves develops a great deal and the sense of fulfilment of being additive to so many is indeed rewarding and satisfying (Pelling, Bowers Armstrong, 2007). Supervision can be a valuable constructive learning tool, but at times difficulties in supervision can make it a negative experience. Moskowitz and Rupert (1983) found in their research, within USA, that supervisees reported that 38% of those surveyed claimed that there had been difficulties and conflict in their supervision that interfered with their learning. Their research further found that there are three major areas of difficulties and conflict that arise in supervision: theoretical orientation, style of supervision and personality issues (Moskowitz Rupert, 1983). Differences in theoretical orientation may lead to difficulties and conflict in supervision (Carroll Gilbert, 2006). In various organisations, supervisees may not have a choice of a supervisor and may perhaps end up getting supervised by somebody who has a different theoretical to their own. For example, a supervisor may be convinced of the rightness of their orientation and is not ready to accept interference that arise from a different school of psychology. These differences in theoretical orientation are a common problem in supervision and it may lead to rifts between the supervisor and supervisee, therefore failing to negotiate differences of this kind (Holloway, 1995). Secondly, difficulties and conflicts may arise in supervision when it comes to the style of supervision. Some supervisors have a formal style whilst others have an informal style of approach (Carroll Gilbert, 2006). There are four unsatisfactory styles of supervision that cause conflicts and difficulties: constrictive supervision; amorphous supervision; unsupportive supervision; and therapeutic supervision (Abott, 1984). In the constructive type, there is limited autonomy. In the amorphous type, there is very little supervisory contribution and the supervisor may have a somewhat laissez faire outlook to the entire process, where whatever happens goes. Unsupportive supervisors are unfriendly and distant and supervisees would not willingly approach them with their difficulties. Therapeutic supervision transforms the supervisee into a patient while the supervisor takes on the position of the therapist often in a persistent and pushy manner that infantilizes the supervisee (Carroll Gilbert, 2006). The last style of supervision that causes conflict and difficulties is known as personality issues. This is when there is a personality clash between the supervisor and supervisee which can result to a rupture in the supervisory alliance (Carroll Gilbert, 2006). These ruptures are often caused by confusion in communication, for example the supervisor may misinterpret something the supervisee has said in a negative way. Furthermore, the rapture may be simply be caused by the supervisees own defensiveness. An example would be that the supervisee may act defensively when the supervisor gives feedback, therefore causing a strain in the supervision relationship. Supervision is a valuable tool for a supervisee when they are having difficulty dealing with their client in an effective professional manner. Whatever the problem is, in regards to the well-being of the client, the supervisee can discuss these issues throughout supervision in order to uncover helpful interventions in dealing with the matter (Wosket, 1999). An example from work experience in which supervision enabled to deal effectively with a difficult situation, is when there was a client who brought up an issue that was difficult to handle. The reason the issue was difficult to handle is because there was limited knowledge in that area and there was no confidence in dealing with the matter. So in order to deal with this dilemma, it was brought up to the attention to the supervisor throughout the supervision session. Throughout the supervision session the supervisor, listened to the dilemma and asked explorative questions, made encouraging statements and shared self- disclosure. She also in return, working the supervisee, came up with interventions to put together in order for the supervisee to handle the struggling case. The supervisor clarified the problem to the supervisee and explored potential explanations and interventions for the supervisee to consider. The supervisee filled in the gaps of the knowledge and asked the supervisee to reflect and explore options on how he will put the explored interventions in to action. The supervisor also used modelling and role-plays to show the supervisee on how they might be able to assist their client. So through supervision, the supervisors challenges and confrontations facilitated the supervisees critical reflection and learning, hence this gave confidence to the supervisee to handle and deal with their difficult situation. A concise breakdown will currently be offered on how efficiently supervision was carried right through work experience. Supervision was conducted effectively because the supervisor followed a significant process in order for supervision to function at its best. The initial supervision session is when the supervisor clarified what the supervisee has done in the past in regards to practice and supervision, and asks where they would like assistance. When it came to the daily supervision sessions, it was noted at times that the supervisor would follow a process right from beginning to end. When the supervisee had an issue, it would be looked thoroughly. Issues discussed in supervision included: intervention strategies and future plans; counsellor professional development; supervisee client alliance and boundaries; client issues and goal setting; supervisor supervisee relationship; ethical and legal issues; and so on. Once the issue were discussed, the supervisor would ask a series of structured questions in order to gain clarification, as well as allowing the supervisee to reflect and offload. Such helpful questions included: What are you feeling and views about the issue?; Where do you feel most confused?; what kind of help would you like?; and what are the key details I need to know about the case?. Furthermore, during supervision the supervisor and supervisee took notes during sessions to have an ongoing record of plans, themes, struggles, clients discussed, learning and progress. Once the issue was discussed and the supervisor asked her questions, the supervisor would then encourage the supervisee to: understand the problem; find links among the information; develop a treatment plan to put into practice; and create a working proposition (Carroll Gilbert, 2006). Towards the end of every supervision session, the supervisor would give feed back as well as ask for verbal feedback back from the supervisee. The supervisor would ask something as simple as How was our session for you today? or Was this session valuable or unbeneficial to you today? Summing up, supervision was conducted effectively because the supervisor followed a valuable process throughout the sessions. Apart from following an effective process, the supervisor herself was encouraging, respectful, genuine, empathetic, and self-disclosed, which as a result added further to the effectiveness of supervision. From personal experience, the supervision that took place during work placement cannot be faulted. However, there is lack of knowledge of how the other supervisors function in their role, as during placement only one supervisor was given to work closely with. Focusing purely on the supervisor provided with, her name being Amy, she was nothing but professional, educated and friendly. One could suggest that Amy is the ideal supervisor as throughout work placement she always showed respect, genuineness, empathy and was always encouraging. She was also concrete and showed a great deal self-disclosure throughout supervision. As stated, Amy would be the ideal supervisor as her supervision qualities match what Carifo and Hess found in their research in what makes an ideal supervisor. Carifo and Hess (1987) found that the ideal supervisor is a person who shows respect, empathy, genuineness, concreteness and self-disclosure in his or her dealings with supervisees (p.247). So as one can see, supervision cannot be faulted as it was nothing other but a positive learning experience, with the help of a true professional supervisor who knew how to function in her role. Therefore, it is too complex to come up with suggestions for improvements for supervision in the work setting because it just worked to well in order to suggest any changes. Supervision may have its benefits and difficulties, but it is those experiences a supervisee needs to experience in order to develop their mental and emotional experience. It is these developments and experiences that allow the individual to be able to learn and handle future challenges in their area of counselling. With the right supervisor, as well as having regular supervision sessions that are conducted effectively, it will consequently transform the supervisee into a stronger counsellor who is willing to learn, act suitably, carefully and courageously; throughout their counselling career.

Cost Management Essay -- Accounting Finance Business Essays

Cost Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On page 92 of our text it says that committed costs are costs arising from the possession of facilities, equipment, and a basic organization. Discretionary costs are determined by management as part of the periodic planning process in order to meet the organization’s goals. They have no obvious relationship with levels of capacity or output activity. Therefore my assumptions of Committed and Discretionary costs are as follows. Committed Costs  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Discretionary Costs  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Administrator  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $60,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Assistant  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $35,000 Accounting and Billing  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $15,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two Secretaries  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $42,000 Consulting  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $10,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Supplies  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $35,000 Salaries  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $46,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Advertising and Promotion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $9,000 Transportation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $10,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Professional Meetings and Dues  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $14,000 Security  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $12,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two Social Workers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $70,000 Custodial  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $13,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Totals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $166,000  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Totals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $205,000 When I first took a look at this assignment, I thought it would be a bit difficult to prove my point by using the text as a reference guide. I did that my citing the definition, but I am going to rely on what I know as a manager of a business to answer these questions and I was told that real world experiences are sometimes better that citing them from a text. Therefore, I am going to take a stab at this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I feel that Dr. White needs to take a look at theses areas- * Salaries (for assistant and two secretaries and for two social workers) * Supplies * Advertising and Promotion * Professional Meetings and Dues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My first question as I was reading this assignment was: What do they need with an Assistant and two secretaries? Where do they hold their meetings? What do they need two social workers in each of the two areas for? Why are they spending $35,000 in supplies? I also referred back to my previous classes in team work and producing a greater output in half the time. This is not needed here. This is a mental health facility and as hard as it might be at times, they can cut the two secretaries to the administrator. I believe that one would suffice and the administrator has an assistant. They can also cut the social workers down to one per shift area, or one for community health and one for mental health. This outpatient clinic has operational costs of $371,000 with $205,000 being what I ... ...clinic’s long-run prospects. (Managerial Accounting pg 93) I am simply recommending a reduction in certain areas of the clinic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In any business, when one becomes accustomed to functioning in a certain manner; it is difficult to identify and separate what is costing you money, particularly if it is personnel. I am very familiar with this as this is one area where I am forced to make a lot of cuts. A lot of times it is like cutting your nose off to spite your face. I will honestly admit that this is one area that is the absolute hardest for me, as these people become like family. Advertising and promotional items are essential to any business but when you spend more money to promote a company, than what you are bringing in, you have a serious problem. Therefore, with this said, I would advise Dr. White to prepare for a reduced budget by analyzing what is costing her the most money, and make a decision in those areas as to how to scale them back. It will not be an easy task, but I feel that I have offered her some viable alternatives. Works Cited www.nationalpen.com Horngren/Sundem/Stratton-Introduction to Management Accounting, 2005, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.